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exoplanets Articles | Developments Today

The Roman observatory in a clean room

NASA Pulls Roman Space Telescope Launch Target Forward to Early September 2026

NASA moved the Roman Space Telescope launch target up to as soon as early September 2026.
The mission is on track for delivery to Kennedy Space Center in June and will fly on a SpaceX Falcon Heavy.
NASA expects Roman to produce a 20,000-terabyte archive and support research on dark energy, dark matter, exoplanets, galaxies, and stars.

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 22, 2026·via nasa.gov

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A bizarre new state of matter may be hiding inside Uranus and Neptune

A New Superionic State May Exist Inside Uranus And Neptune

Simulations predict a quasi-one-dimensional superionic carbon hydride phase.
The phase could affect heat and electricity flow inside Uranus and Neptune.
The result may help refine models of ice giants and exoplanets.

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 21, 2026·via sciencedaily.com

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This image shows Venus on the left and three possible atmospheres on a recently discovered exoplanet, Gliese 12b. Arid planets like Gliese 12b, even ones in habitable zones, may not have enough liquid water for habitability. Water plays an important role in Earth's carbonate-silicate cycle, which is responsible for moderating the planet's temperature. But rainfall is a critical part of the cycle, and arid planets with low water abundances may not be able to resist a greenhouse climate state. This may have been what happened with Venus. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (Caltech-IPAC)

Arid exoplanets may lose climate stability even inside habitable zones

Researchers argue that too little water can disrupt the climate-stabilizing carbon cycle on rocky planets.
The study says rainfall is critical to silicate weathering, which removes carbon from the atmosphere.
Arid worlds in habitable zones may still drift into greenhouse conditions.
The work suggests Venus may illustrate what happens when the cycle fails.

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 20, 2026·via universetoday.com

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This artist's illustration shows what Mars might look like if it were terraformed. New research shows how the effects of terraforming, whether intentional or not, could help identify clusters of planets the are habitable and that life has spread to. Image Credit: Daein Ballard / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Researchers Propose a New Way to Search for Alien Life by Looking at Groups of Planets

A new paper proposes looking for life through patterns across groups of planets rather than only single-world biosignatures.
The model explores how panspermia or terraforming could create observable planetary population signatures.
The approach is designed to reduce false positives that can complicate atmospheric biosignature claims.

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 20, 2026·via universetoday.com

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This artist's illustration shows the sub-stellar object 29 Cygni b. It's about 15 times more massive than Jupiter and orbits at a great distance from its star. It straddles the dividing line between star and planet. Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Joseph Olmsted (STScI)

JWST spots an object that blurs the boundary between planet and star

JWST directly imaged 29 Cygni b, a 15-Jupiter-mass object near the planet-star boundary.
Its mass suggests a star-like classification, but detected heavier elements point toward planetary formation.
The object highlights why formation history may matter more than mass alone.

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 16, 2026·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 16, 2026·via space.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 14, 2026·via science.nasa.gov

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 12, 2026·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 8, 2026·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 8, 2026·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Mar 30, 2026·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Mar 29, 2026·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Mar 24, 2026·via science.nasa.gov

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DT Editorial Team·Mar 12, 2026·4 min read·via universetoday.com

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DT Editorial Team·Feb 14, 2026·2 min read·via sciencedaily.com

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An illustration of the exoplanet 29 Cygni b

James Webb Observations Sharpen the Debate Over How Supergiant Planets Form

Astronomers used Webb to study 29 Cygni b, a gas giant about 15 times Jupiter’s mass.
The planet’s heavy-element enrichment may help test competing theories of giant-planet formation.
The research could help clarify the boundary between massive planets and star-like bodies.

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Webb Data Push a Massive World Back Toward the Planet Side of the Line

Webb observed 29 Cygni b, an object about 15 times Jupiter’s mass.
NASA says heavy elements including carbon and oxygen support a planetary origin by accretion.
The finding challenges simple mass-based distinctions between planets and stars.

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This artist's illustration shows the gas giant TOI-5205 b orbiting its M-dwarf (red dwarf) star. Astronomers expect to find massive gas giants around more massive stars than this, so this arrangement is a puzzle. It's not the only gas giant around a low-mass star, and collectively, they challenge astronomers' understanding of planet formation. Image Credit: Katherine Cain, Carnegie Science.

A Giant Planet Around a Tiny Star Is Testing Theories of How Worlds Form

TOI-5205b is a roughly Jupiter-mass planet orbiting a low-mass M-dwarf every 1.6 days.
Its size and host-star mass strain standard disk-scaling expectations in planet formation theory.
Researchers are now studying similar systems with JWST through the GEMS program.

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This artist's illustration shows an Ultra-Short Period planet orbiting its star. This type of exoplanet takes less than one Earth day to orbit its star. Some scientists think these exoplanets are the remaining rocky cores of once much larger gas giants whose atmospheres have been stripped away by their stars. Image Credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Schaller (for STScI)

AI sifts TESS observations and helps validate more than 100 new exoplanets

Researchers used the RAVEN machine-learning pipeline on TESS data covering more than 2 million stars.
The study reports over 100 newly validated exoplanets and more than 2,000 vetted candidates.
The work highlights how AI can help manage false positives and extract more science from large survey archives.

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Using the W.M. Keck Observatory, astronomers investigated the long-predicted relationship between mass and spin for giant planets and brown dwarfs. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Survey of exoplanet spins backs long-predicted link between mass and rotation

Researchers used Keck Observatory data and prior measurements to compare spin across exoplanets and brown dwarfs.
The survey supports a long-predicted relationship between mass and rotation.
Gas giant planets were found to spin faster than more massive brown dwarf counterparts after accounting for mass, size, and age.
Scientists say spin can preserve clues about how distant worlds formed.

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Image of the Swope Telescope located at Carnegie Science’s Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. (Credit: Yuri Beletsky/Carnegie Science)

Researchers Build Henrietta Spectrograph to Sharpen the Search for Exoplanet Atmospheres

Henrietta is being built as a dedicated near-infrared exoplanet atmosphere instrument.
The spectrograph will use transit spectroscopy to study atmospheric molecules.
Researchers say mass and size alone cannot distinguish truly different worlds.

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Artist's impression of an exoplanet reflecting the light from its nearby star (Credit : NASA)

A Tiny Optical Mask Could Help NASA See Other Earths

NASA’s planned Habitable Worlds Observatory would need to suppress starlight by a factor of ten billion.
An optical vortex phase mask can cancel centered starlight through destructive interference.
The technology could be crucial for directly imaging Earth-like exoplanets.

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astronomical

Science Through Shadows: How Eclipses, Occultations, and Transits Reveal the Universe

Eclipses, occultations, and transits encode scientific information about the size, shape, and atmospheric composition of celestial bodies
Stellar occultations revealed Pluto's atmosphere and the rings of Uranus and Neptune before spacecraft visits
The transit method drove the exoplanet revolution, with Kepler cataloguing thousands of confirmed worlds
Transmission spectroscopy with JWST enables direct detection of molecules including CO2 in exoplanet atmospheres
The technique stretches from Eratosthenes calculating Earth's circumference to modern searches for biosignatures on habitable-zone planets

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An artist's conception of the LHS 1903 system. Credit: ESA.

CHEOPS Finds Planet That Defies Formation Theory

Fourth planet in LHS 1903 should be dynamically unstable but persists
Orbital spacing violates standard planetary formation models
Discovery adds to evidence our solar system may be the exception

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Rocky planet discovered in outer orbit challenges planet formation theory

Rocky Planet Found in Outer Orbit Defies Planet Formation Theory

A rocky planet was found orbiting beyond the snow line where only gas giants were predicted by the core accretion model
The planet's orbital distance is comparable to Jupiter's position in our solar system but lacks a gaseous envelope
The discovery may expand the zones where astronomers search for potentially habitable Earth-like worlds

More in Science→