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All articles tagged with "biomarkers"

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Overloaded brain cleanup cells may mark severe multiple sclerosis progression

Foamy immune cells may help explain why some multiple sclerosis cases worsen faster

Researchers found large numbers of fat-laden microglia in rapidly progressing MS tissue.
Patients with more foamy microglia more often had severe disease courses.
The work points to possible biomarkers and future treatment targets.

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DT Editorial Team·May 22, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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Adding a lower cutoff value for CA19-9 may identify additional high-risk cases of pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic Cancer Study Suggests Lower CA19-9 Threshold Could Catch More High-Risk Patients

Researchers say some pancreatic cancer patients are misclassified by the standard CA19-9 cutoff.
About 10% of patients may not elevate CA19-9 because of genetic nonproducer status.
The study examined 615 patients using whole-exome sequencing for FUT2 and FUT3 genotypes.
A dual-threshold model could help identify high-risk disease hidden within the normal range.

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DT Editorial Team·May 21, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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A multimodal biomarker strategy to enhance diagnostic precision in neurodegenerative parkinsonism - Nature Medicine

Parkinsonism study combines skin, blood and protein-seeding tests to sharpen diagnosis

A prospective cohort of 166 participants and an external validation cohort of 63 were analyzed.
Dermal alpha-synuclein and 4-repeat tau assays were paired with serum neurofilament light chain.
The combined panel improved discrimination among Parkinson’s disease, multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy.

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DT Editorial Team·May 19, 2026·via nature.com

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Ultrasensitive TDP-43 Test Could Sharpen Diagnosis for a Hard-to-Identify Dementia

Researchers developed an ultrasensitive assay targeting TDP-43 pathology in FTLD-TDP.
The study found elevated biomarker concentrations correlated with disease severity.
Authors say the work is an early step toward better diagnosis and trial monitoring.

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DT Editorial Team·May 10, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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MD Anderson team identifies YAP1 as a marker of chemotherapy resistance in relapsed lung cancer

MD Anderson researchers identified YAP1 as a biomarker associated with chemotherapy resistance in relapsed lung cancer.
The report says some cancer cells express YAP1 only after treatment, helping them survive.
The finding could support future monitoring and therapy strategies aimed at resistant disease.

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DT Editorial Team·May 6, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·May 5, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·May 4, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 20, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 14, 2026·via nature.com

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DT Editorial Team·Apr 13, 2026·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·Feb 21, 2026·5 min read·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·Feb 12, 2026·3 min read·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·Feb 12, 2026·3 min read·via medicalxpress.com

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DT Editorial Team·Feb 11, 2026·5 min read·via medicalxpress.com

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Researchers Point to a Brain-Based Index for Alzheimer’s Risk Patterns Decades Before Old Age

A report says a brain-based index may reveal Alzheimer’s risk patterns in adults as young as 30.
The supplied source text says researchers have long used health records, brain scans, and other data to seek biological markers.
The significance of the finding is its focus on much earlier stages of possible risk.
The available source material supports cautious interpretation rather than clinical conclusions.

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A Blood-Aging Signal May Help Explain Why Depression Does Not Look the Same in Everyone

Researchers linked a blood-based aging signal to cognitive and mood-related depression symptoms.
The finding was highlighted in work involving women with HIV, who face elevated depression risk.
The result points toward more specific biomarkers rather than a single universal depression test.

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Gut Microbiome Signals Could Help Predict Which Melanoma Patients Relapse

Medical Xpress reports that gut bacterial composition predicted melanoma recurrence after surgery and immunotherapy.
The reported predictive accuracy reached up to 94 percent.
The finding points to the microbiome as a potential biomarker for relapse risk assessment.

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Plasma proteomic signature of the human menstrual cycle - Nature Medicine

Large biobank study maps protein shifts across the menstrual cycle

Researchers profiled nearly 3,000 plasma proteins in 2,760 women from the UK Biobank.
The study identified 198 proteins that vary across the menstrual cycle.
Several cycle-linked proteins were associated with endometriosis, leiomyoma, and abnormal bleeding.
A 75-protein score accurately predicted menstrual cycle phase in the study.

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Urine Protein Test May Help Doctors Spot Severe Dengue Before It Escalates

Researchers identified urine proteins linked to progression toward severe dengue.
The test could offer a noninvasive way to improve patient triage.
Clinical validation will determine whether the approach reaches routine care.

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Blood Tests Can Reveal Ulcerative Colitis Risk Years Before Symptoms Appear

Anti-integrin αvβ6 antibodies found in blood years before ulcerative colitis symptoms appear
Collaborative study across four Swedish universities presented at 2026 ECCO Congress
Early detection could enable preventive treatment before intestinal damage occurs
Screening could help at-risk family members assess their own likelihood of disease
Further studies needed to establish predictive accuracy and optimal intervention timing

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MicroRNA Discovery Reveals How Early Lung Lesions Dodge the Immune System

Boston University identifies miR-149-5p as a microRNA that suppresses immune recognition in premalignant lung lesions
The microRNA silences NLRC5, a master regulator of antigen presentation, allowing abnormal cells to hide from immune surveillance
Analysis of 167 bronchial biopsies showed a consistent inverse relationship between miR-149-5p and NLRC5 in progressive lesions

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Blood Biomarkers Can Predict Trauma Recovery Days Before Complications Hit

University of Colorado researchers identify multi-omics blood biomarkers that predict trauma complications with 92% accuracy
Proteomic and metabolomic profiling of 1,300+ patients revealed distinct thromboinflammation endotypes days before clinical signs
The approach could transform ICU care by identifying at-risk patients before organ failure or sepsis develops

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Blood Biomarkers Can Predict Trauma Recovery Days in Advance

Researchers identify a blood biomarker panel using proteomics and machine learning that predicts trauma recovery trajectories
The panel detects complications like organ failure and sepsis days before traditional clinical indicators reveal problems
Key biomarkers include innate immune proteins and coagulation factors tracked across the first several days of hospitalization

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