#neuroscience

Researchers report that autism may include two distinct neurobiological subtypes, one marked by reduced functional connectivity and another by increased connectivity across brain networks.

A Nature Medicine study found that microglial state changes at a key amyloid-tau transition track with either dementia progression or cognitive resilience in old age.

A new Nature study in mice traces long-term brain changes associated with motherhood to a dopamine-linked epigenetic mechanism, while also finding similar signatures in human brain tissue.

Researchers at Gladstone Institutes developed a way to trace how waste leaves the brain, revealing specific clearance routes and how Alzheimer’s disrupts them.

Researchers at Northwestern Medicine say the extracellular matrix in the hippocampus may become vulnerable as estrogen falls with age, offering a new angle on why women face higher Alzheimer’s risk.

A Nature Neuroscience study links severe multiple sclerosis progression to fat-laden microglia that appear overwhelmed by myelin cleanup, pointing to possible biomarkers and treatment targets.

Researchers say a new imaging workflow can map dozens of proteins in human brain tissue at once, uncovering an immune cell population that appears almost exclusively near a specific Alzheimer’s lesion.

A Cell study from the Francis Crick Institute links sensory nerve signaling to weaker anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer, pointing to a potential new way to strengthen immunotherapy.

Researchers in the Netherlands report that cerebellar Purkinje cells encode probability-based expectations about when events will occur, offering new detail on how the brain may implement predictive inference.

A newly listed Science paper points to tuft dendrites in the frontal motor cortex as a mechanism tied to flexible learning, though the available source material offers only bibliographic detail.

A new report highlighted by Medical Xpress suggests a brain-based index may help reveal Alzheimer’s risk patterns in adults as young as 30, potentially shifting attention to much earlier stages of risk.

Researchers at UC San Francisco and Imperial College London report that one high dose of psilocybin was linked to lasting changes in brain organization, with short-term shifts in neural entropy predicting later gains in-

Researchers say personalized ‘digital brain twins’ are emerging as data-driven models that could help predict disease, test treatments, and simulate brain function without direct risk to patients.

A new Cell study identifies a specific subset of opioid receptors on prefrontal cortex interneurons as a key part of ketamine’s rapid antidepressant action, opening the door to more targeted therapies.

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers report that inhibiting the protein PTP1B improved learning and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease while helping microglia clear amyloid-beta plaque.

Researchers at UC San Francisco used neuron-level probes in patients with epilepsy to show that subtle abnormal brain events may follow a detectable pattern up to a full second before they happen.

An Indiana University School of Medicine team says it has found a new way to read the brain’s energy network patterns, offering a potential window into how Alzheimer’s progresses across the disease spectrum.

Researchers have created a comprehensive map of mouse olfactory receptors, revealing that smell is organized far more precisely than previously believed.

A new study reports that two advanced cognitive capacities, language-related function and sensitivity to other people’s feelings, may have distinct origins in the brain from birth.

Neuroscientists are refining one of the field’s core ideas with a mechanism that may explain how the brain forms memories across several seconds rather than only in split-second bursts.