A fight over emissions rules is becoming a fight over energy dependence
A leaked position paper from the European car lobby group ACEA is intensifying debate over the future of the EU’s vehicle emissions targets. According to analysis by Transport & Environment, ACEA’s latest demands for weaker climate rules could lead to an additional €74 billion in oil imports while slowing the rollout of more affordable electric vehicles across Europe.
The argument lands at a sensitive moment. Fuel prices remain politically painful, Europe continues to think in strategic terms about dependency on imported energy, and the auto sector is trying to balance industrial competitiveness with the transition to electrification. Against that backdrop, any change to vehicle CO2 rules is no longer just a regulatory detail. It has become part of a much larger contest over energy security, industrial strategy, and consumer cost.
The leaked document was reportedly issued by ACEA to environment ministers in March. T&E says the proposal would significantly weaken the current direction of EU policy by allowing more flexibility for carmakers to sell internal combustion vehicles for longer and by preserving a bigger role for plug-in hybrids.
The core proposal would relax pressure on carmakers
One of the main changes described in the source material is a proposal to average carmakers’ 2030 EU CO2 targets over five years rather than three. T&E characterizes that as a significant weakening compared with the European Commission’s proposal. The paper also calls for cancellation of a new utility factor designed to count plug-in hybrid vehicle emissions more accurately.
These are technical policy levers, but their impact could be substantial. T&E argues that accepting ACEA’s demands would allow manufacturers to sell far fewer battery electric vehicles and far more combustion-engine cars than under the current framework. Its analysis says battery electric vehicle sales could flatline at around 21 percent market share for the rest of the decade, instead of rising to the 57 percent share that current law would require by 2030.
If that scenario holds, the policy dispute is not merely about compliance timing. It is about whether the EU keeps applying enough pressure to force a meaningful shift in the mix of vehicles sold in the market. A five-year averaging window would give automakers more room to delay, smooth, or defer the transition.




